Saturday, January 25, 2020
The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay
The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay The aim of this experiment was to determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the selectively permeable membranes of plant cells, e.g., red cabbage (Lane, 2010a). The cell membrane is the fluid-mosaic model. The proteins are embedded in the cell membrane. The lipid exists as a phospholipid bilayer form. The hydrophobic which mean water hating portions of the lipid molecule face the inside while the hydrophilic which mean water loving parts face either the cytoplasm or extracellular aqueous environment. The protein molecules are of two types in the membrane. Internal proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer which enhance the membranes shape, providing passageways for the movement of substances through the membrane while the peripheral proteins are attach to the surface of membrane and are easier to extract (Losos, Manson and Singer, 2008) The purpose of a cell membrane is to controls what enters and exits the cell. It acts as a selective barrier between the internal and external fluid that means the cell membrane to be selectively permeable. This process supplies the cell with useful material and removes waste products. Normally, this is done by active or passive transportation. The passive transportation allows substances to move from high concentration to low concentration without energy required. The active transportation carries substances such as ions and glucose from low concentration to the high concentration, requiring energy and a carrier to support (Losos, Manson and Singer, 2008). Figure 2 (Adapted from Garland, 2004) shows the process of transportation through the cell membrane Figure 2: Transportation through the Membrane (Adapted from Garland, 2004) Certain conditions can damage the cell membrane. For instance, high temperature leads to violent collisions that can destroy a membrane. There is a hypothesis that an increase in temperature denatures the membrane and causes the substances within the membrane to leak out (Answers, 2010). The high temperature can make the cell membrane more permeable and allow it to be more prone to leakage. Red cabbages are used as a model to investigate how the temperature affects the selectively permeable membranes. Red cabbages contain a large mount of a water-soluble red pigment called anthocyanin, which is located in the vacuole and unable to pass through the tonoplast membrane. If these cells are affected by changes in temperature, the integrity of the cell membrane becomes damaged. As a result, anthocyanin which as antioxiants and protects cell from oxidative damage can leak out of the cells and into the surrounding water. The extent of damage to the cell membrane is directly associated to the intensity of red color and it would appear in the water surrounding the red cabbage (Manhattan, 2009). Method Apparatus 7 test tubes Test tube rack Cork borer Scalpel Tile Small beaker Mounted needle Large beaker Thermometer Burner (Lane, 2010b) Firstly, a leaf of red cabbage tissues was cut into 42 discs of the same size (approximately 1mm wide) by a cork borer. 42 red cabbage discs were placed in a small beaker and were washed. 7 test tubes were labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 60à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 70à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 80à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The first two test tubes which labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and approximately 6 cm3 cold water was added using a measuring cylinder. The remaining test tubes had 6 cm3 cold water added to each. Meanwhile, a water bath was prepared using a large beaker, tripod and gauze. The 7 test tubes with 6 cm3 water were heated in the water bath. A thermometer was placed into each test tube to measure the temperature. 6 red cabbage discs were impaled on a mounted needle with space between each disc. When the water inside the test tube labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ temperature, the burner was removed a nd 6 discs on the needle was placed in the test tube for exactly 1 min then the test tube was removed from the water bath. The disks were left in this tube. When the water inside the test tube labelled 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ temperature, the above procedure was repeated. The test tube labelled 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached the temperature. All the procedures were restarted according to the guide. To all the test tubes were added 6 cm3 cold water and a water bath was prepared using a large beaker, tripod. When the water was heated gently to 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, the burner was removed and the 6 red cabbage discs on an impaled needle were placed in the water bath for exactly 1 minute. The discs was pushed off and dropped into the test tube labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The procedure was repeated for the other tubes. From 40 °to 90 °C, all the procedures in own water bath. For 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ the discs, needle were placed in others water bath with the temperature at 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ for 1 minute, then the discs were pushed off and dropped into the test tube labelled 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The discs in the test tube s were left for 20 minutes and then the tubes were shaken and compared. Result Temperature /à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ Observation 30 The 6 red cabbage discs were still purple and unchanged the water was still colourless. 40 The colours of the 6 red cabbage discs were remained and unchanged purple and the water was still clear. 50 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were a little faded and the water became a little purple. 60 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were faded lighter purple more than 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from colourless into light purple. 70 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were faded more than 60à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from transparent into a light blue. 80 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were very faded than 70à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from transparent into a light green. 100 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs changed from purple into white and the colour of water was strongly changed from transparent into green. Table 1: Heating the Red Cabbage Discs Discussion Table 1 shows clearly that an increase temperature on the red cabbage fades the purple of these discs and they become more and more faded while the colour of the surrounding water inside the test tube becomes darker and darker. This phenomenon purple-blue-green result from that the red cabbage dices have permeable membranes losing the permeability of their cell membranes. If the temperature goes against what the membranes can withstand, the permeability of membranes increases as the protein becomes denatured, the lipid parts of membranes liquefies and the proteins create holes in the fabric, and the membranes fall apart. The high temperature produces an increase in kinetic energy that makes atoms in the protein to vibrate and move more breaking hydrogen and ionic bonds in protein molecules and changing the 3D shape of the system. These proteins are unable to translate substances in and out of the membrane. All the factors lead to the anthocyanin leaking out of the membranes producing a colour in the water surrounding the red cabbage cells (Erik, 2002). The results of investigating the effect of temperature on permeable membranes are largely as predicted. There were several variables that controlled this experiment to make sure the results were comparable. The first major key variable was the size of red cabbage discs. The red cabbage tissue was cut into discs which were used to ensure accuracy by increasing precision in the volume of water. The cylinders should be same for all experiments because the volume of water affected the concentration of the pigment. The second variable was allowing enough time (20 minutes) for colour to be seen. All the test tubes should be left the same and enough time for observations after putting the red cabbage discs into the test tubes. Time altered the effect of the experiment; some tubes had a longer effect than others, more of the pigments in the red cabbage cells will leak out and the pigments in the surrounding water. All the material should be washed very thoroughly after cutting. This process made the experiment more highly accurate, because using water to wash the material meant that impurities were minimised. Possible errors may have arisen during this experiment. Firstly, the procedure at the beginning of the experiment was not correctly followed according to the instructions (Lane, 2010c). For instance, 6 cm3 cold water was measured not accurate, the red cabbage leaf did not wash under running water and using another water bath which resulted from the instruction had not been read carefully and seriously. Secondly, the phenomenons purple-blue-green in this test was a little different from the theory that as the temperature increases, the colour of the surrounding water will become darker (Lane, 2010d). This may stem from much of the red pigment escaping from the discs while heating the red cabbage in the beaker. The result of the higher temperature may have affected this more as a lot of the pigment has already leaked out into the beaker. Another reason may be the concentration of pigment leading to change the stability of the pigment molecule. Thirdly, the time was not sufficient for r epeating the experiment, which made the results less accurate. A future experiment should be improved in follow ways. The instruction should be read carefully and thoroughly, so the experiment can go on logical. Secondly, the temperature should be checked at the start of when the red cabbage was put in the water and at the end of the last minute using a thermometer to maintain the temperature of the heated water. Thirdly, a colorimeter should be provided to measure the amount of light absorbed by solution of each reaction temperature. The higher concentration of anthocyanin means a higher reading on the colorimeter. Fourthly, the experiment should be repeated more times to make sure the results were not obtained by chance or by external factors. In addition, the effect of cooler temperature even under 0à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ could be tested to observe if the membrane is broken down in a similar way. Conclusion It can be concluded that as the temperature was increased, more of the red pigment leaked out of the permeable membrane. The permeability of the membrane in red cabbages can be damaged by high temperature.
Friday, January 17, 2020
Ensuring People Support for Education and Training Programs Essay
A collaborative effort is a key to success in the field of continuing education. That is to maintain partnership with the learners, the supervisors and, the managers. To ensure support from each participant it is important that there is connectivity before, during, and after the training program. After all, learning is effective when it is applied as well as teaching is assimilated when it is explained. In Cafarella’s book, the five primary purpose of education was explicitly stated that is; â€Å"to encourage growth, to assist with practical problems, to prepare people for current and future opportunities, to assist with change for desired results, and to examine community or social issues (Schultz, 2002).†           Educators are tasked to elaborate from the beginning the reason of the training program and if it is presented to learners as useful and not mandatory support from the learner is ensured even from the start of the program. Key people or the supervisors can be invited in the planning process so that they can tell the planner or the educator actual experiences on how the knowledge will be applied. Also it is best to include the supervisors in giving decisions on when is the training program be scheduled so that critical schedule in their operations will not be hampered.            During trainings learners should get involved in the discussion by inviting them to give examples and with those actual situations mentioned by the participants, trainers should help the learner to reflect on the subject and how it could be applied. Supervisors at the same time can be asked to mentor or assist in the on-going program.            Training program does not end at the venue but probing whether the learning process is blocked after instruction was given ensures effectiveness of the course. Learners should be encouraged to help one another and evaluate the learning process.  Supervisors should be asked on the feedback if the course has been effective by checking if what is learned was applied in each participants actual work situation. To ensure continuous support and partnership, endings should be addressed whether it is positive or negative (Caffarella, 2002).            Managers are tasked to implement goals and objectives; they are the one who manage change. To ensure their support from beginning to end, they should be asked to provide consultations before and after. They should be convinced that the program is helping their organization to grow. References Schultz, J. D. (2002). Book Review: Planning Programs for Adult Learners, 2nd Edition by Rosemary A. Caffarella [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 12 February 2008 from http://www.exchangesjournal.org/reviews/review_1107.html. Caffarella, R.A. (2002). Planning Programs for Adult Learners (Chapter 5), 2nd Edition, 403 pages ISBN: 0-7879-5225-7.
Thursday, January 9, 2020
Solar Energy The Ultimate Renewable Energy Resource Essay
The current use of fossil fuels as our main energy source has two drawbacks: their inevitable depletion and the pollution associated with combustion. These two drawbacks in addition to the growing concern of global warming has pushed for the development of more sustainable sources of energy, namely solar energy and its derivatives (i.e. wind power). Solar energy is appealing for its potential to meet all our demands, while proving to be a pollution free resource.(Bohn, 2009) Solar energy originates from the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun. Leaving all the byproducts of the reactions behind in the sun, the energy that reaches the Earth is pure radiant energy. This energy represents the entire electromagnetic†¦show more content†¦The clouds absorb 10% off the energy, while reflecting about 25%, and allow about 17% to pass through. The atmosphere absorbs 9%, reflects 9%, and transmits 6% of the solar energy. Twenty-four percent of the solar energy directly reaches the ground. Overall, about 47% (17+6+24) of the sun’s energy striking the Earth reaches the ground, where it is collectable by solar devices. These devices are used generally for two purposes: to heat water and/or living spaces and to produce electricity. Solar energy is used to heat water for homes and buildings. Two methods used to accomplish this are the passive system, which has no moving parts and strictly relies on the convection currents, and an active system which uses pumps to move the liquid. In both systems, a solar device called a flat bed collector absorbs the sun’s energy to heat the water. The collector consists of a thin, broad box with a glass or clear plastic top and a black bottom with water tubes embedded in it. The black bottom allows for the maximum amount of heat absorption while the clear cover and interior insulation prevent heat loss. As water is heated in the pipes it rises up to a storage tank where it can then be sent throughout the house for consumption. Cooler water moves into the pipes and forms a convection cycle or current. In the active system, antifreeze is used as the fluid instead of water so it remains a liquid if the outside temperature drops below freezing. Also, a heatShow More RelatedSolar Energy : The Ultimate Renewable Resource Manish Kumar1264 Words  | 6 PagesSOLAR ENERGY IS THE ULTIMATE RENEWABLE RESOURCE                                           Manish Kumar (EE B.Tech)                                                                                                               Universal Institute of Technology, Garhi (Hisar) Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â à ‚                                                                    manishboora13@gmail.com   Abstract-The energy availability is essentially needed for all living beings in life .TheRead MoreNew And Alternative Sources Of Energy1311 Words  | 6 Pages Today s society uses enormous amounts of energy. *The shadow of our presence on this planet is a result of generations upon generations of production and utilization of energy*. New and alternative sources of energy are being developed to replace the declining accessibility of coal and fossil fuels. Use of renewable energy is a key component in combatting the climate change that has become a major issue in the 21st century. Reducing our impact on the climate as a result of greenhouse gas emissionsRead MoreClimate Change Has Been Recently A Hot Debate Among Politicians, Industry Experts And Scientists1362 Words  | 6 Pagesbeen the major energy source for technology developments since industrial revolution era. Therefore, to reduce fossil fuel consumption, it is necessary to find out potential alternatives. There are some realistic options compatible with Australian climate and resources. First attractive option is renewable energies, most importantly wind farms and solar therma l. Second serious option is nuclear energy. Finally the other practical alternative is a combination of renewable energies with less pollutantRead MoreThe Energy Of Solar Energy1462 Words  | 6 PagesInstitute for Energy Research and the U.S. Energy Information Administration, solar energy makes up only 0.5% of total energy consumption in the United States, and over 65% of consumed energy is natural gas and petroleum. (2016) These statistics show that nearly two-thirds of the energy the United States uses is not only non-renewable but the processess of harnessing it also causes pollution. Solar Energy is energy that is transferred through solar radiation in the form of electromagnetic energy. In theRead MoreThe Current Demand For Energy1237 Words  | 5 PagesEurope experienced two energy crises during the 1970s, which led to escalating demand for energy resources (specifically, oil) that could not be adequately supplied (Bonny, 1987; Donatos Mergos, 1989). This led to a de crease in economic activity that reflected as a decrease in the demand for energy in the form of oil. Alternative energy sources needed to be considered in order to maintain the economic activities of society without further depleting the natural resources. Besides these crises inRead MoreThe Current Demand For Energy1224 Words  | 5 PagesEurope experienced two energy crises during the 1970s, which led to escalating demand for energy resources (specifically, oil) that could not be adequately supplied (Bonny, 1987; Donatos Mergos, 1989). This led to a decrease in economic activity that reflected as a decrease in the demand for energy in the form of oil. Alternative energy sources needed to be considered in order to maintain the economic activities of society without further depleting the natural resources. Besides these crises inRead MoreThe Current Demand For Energy1238 Words  | 5 PagesEurope experienced two energy crises during the 1970s, which led to escalating demand for energy resources (specifically, oil) that could not be adequately supplied (Bonny, 1987; Donatos Mergos, 1989). This led to a decrease in economic activity that reflected as a decrease in the demand for energy in the form of oil. Alternative energy sources needed to be considered in order to maintain the economic activities of society without further depleting the natural resources. Besides these crises inRead MoreThe Cost Of Fossil Fuels1147 Words  | 5 PagesEnergy Policy Sheldon Fogle Telescope to Microscope April 22, 2015 Global Crisis Our species as a whole is very successful in many advancements such as technology, in society all together, and just overall in life but, currently we are failing our environment. Since our world is an immense place that consumes so much energy our demand is high. The ultimate goal is to no longer rely on nonrenewable energy sources, which we so strongly rely on today. Baby Steps are beingRead MoreThe Importance Of The Sun And How We Can Use It Our Benefit?1587 Words  | 7 Pagesmore. Scientists have been trying to use the sunlight as a way to produce energy. For years, we have used fossil fuels as means to produce electricity. Fossil fuels include resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas, which are non-renewable energy sources. These have slowly ruined and polluted our planet but now, people have turned to renewable energy to make your planet better again. Renewable energy sources include, solar, geothermal, biomass, and wind. As a result, many people are now investingRead MoreNuclear Energy Is Essential For The Modern World1400 Words  | 6 Pagesefficient, and safer ways to generate energy that plays an enormous role in keeping modern civilization moving forward. This issue gained immense importance after President Trump proposed budget cuts for science programs affecting nuclear energy research programs. Science energy research programs offer tons of knowledge in regard to better understanding sustainable nuclear energy that contributed to tremendous breakthroughs in the last decades. Nuclear energy is essential for the everyday modern world
Wednesday, January 1, 2020
Ten Facts About Cells and Cell Function
Cells are the fundamental units of life. Whether they be unicellular or multicellular life forms, all living organisms are composed of and depend on cells to function normally. Scientists estimate that our bodies contain anywhere from 75 to 100 trillion cells. In addition, there are hundreds of different types of cells in the body. Cells do everything from providing structure and stability to providing energy and a means of reproduction for an organism. The following 10 facts about cells will provide you with well known and perhaps little known tidbits of information about cells. Key Takeaways Cells are the basic units of life and are very small in size, ranging from approximately 1 to 100 micrometers. Advanced microscopes allow scientists to be able to see such small entities.There are two major types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Eukaryotic cells have a membrane bound nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus that is membrane bound.A cells nucleoid region or nucleus contains the cells DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) which contains the cells encoded genetic information.Cells reproduce by different methods. Most prokaryotic cells reproduce by binary fission while eukaryotic cells can reproduce asexually or sexually. Cells are too Small to be Seen Without Magnification Biologists are able to obtain detailed observations of cells with microscopes. PeopleImages / E / Getty Images Cells range in size from 1 to 100 micrometers. The study of cells, also called cell biology, would not have been possible without the invention of the microscope. With the advanced microscopes of today, such as the Scanning Electron Microscope and Transmission Electron Microscope, cell biologists are able to obtain detailed images of the smallest of cell structures. Primary Types of Cells Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are the two main types of cells. Eukaryotic cells are called so because they have a true nucleus that is enclosed within a membrane. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are examples of organisms that contain eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic organisms include bacteria and archaeans. The prokaryotic cell nucleus is not enclosed within a membrane. Prokaryotic Single-Celled Organisms were the Earliest and Most Primitive Forms of Life on Earth Prokaryotes can live in environments that would be deadly to most other organisms. These extremophiles are able to live and thrive in various extreme habitats. Archaeans for example, live in areas such as hydrothermal vents, hot springs, swamps, wetlands, and even animal intestines. There are More Bacterial Cells in the Body than Human Cells Scientists have estimated that about 95% of all the cells in the body are bacteria. The vast majority of these microbes can be found within the digetive tract. Billions of bacteria also live on the skin. Cells Contain Genetic Material Cells contain DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), the genetic information necessary for directing cellular activities. DNA and RNA are molecules known as nucleic acids. In prokaryotic cells, the single bacterial DNA molecule is not separated from the rest of the cell but coiled up in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid region. In eukaryotic cells, DNA molecules are located within the cells nucleus. DNA and proteins are the major components of chromosomes. Human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes (for a total of 46). There are 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) and one pair of sex chromosomes. The X and Y sex chromosomes determine sex. Organelles Which Carry Out Specific Functions Organelles have a wide range of responsibilities within a cell that include everything from providing energy to producing hormones and enzymes. Eukaryotic cells contain several types of organelles, while prokaryotic cells contain a few organelles (ribosomes) and none that are bound by a membrane. There are also differences between the kinds of organelles found within different eukaryotic cell types. Plant cells for example, contain structures such as a cell wall and chloroplasts that are not found in animal cells. Other examples of organelles include: Nucleus - controls cell growth and reproduction.Mitochondria - provide energy for the cell.Endoplasmic Reticulum - synthesizes carbohydrates and lipids.Golgi Complex - manufactures, stores, and ships certain cellular products.Ribosomes - involved in protein synthesis.Lysosomes - digest cellular macromolecules. Reproduce Through Different Methods Most prokaryotic cells replicate by a process called binary fission. This is a type of cloning process in which two identical cells are derived from a single cell. Eukaryotic organisms are also capable of reproducing asexually through mitosis. In addition, some eukaryotes are capable of sexual reproduction. This involves the fusion of sex cells or gametes. Gametes are produced by a process called meiosis. Groups of Similar Cells Form Tissues Tissues are groups of cells with both a shared structure and function. Cells that make up animal tissues are sometimes woven together with extracellular fibers and are occasionally held together by a sticky substance that coats the cells. Different types of tissues can also be arranged together to form organs. Groups of organs can in turn form organ systems. Varying Life Spans Cells within the human body have different life spans based on the type and function of the cell. They can live anywhere from a few days to a year. Certain cells of the digestive tract live for only a few days, while some immune system cells can live for up to six weeks. Pancreatic cells can live for as long as a year. Cells Commit Suicide Cell Apoptosis. Dr_Microbe / iStock / Getty Images Plus When a cell becomes damaged or undergoes some type of infection, it will self destruct by a process called apoptosis. Apoptosis works to ensure proper development and to keep the bodys natural process of mitosis in check. A cells inability to undergo apoptosis can result in the development of cancer. Sources Reece, Jane B., and Neil A. Campbell. Campbell Biology. Benjamin Cummings, 2011.
Tuesday, December 24, 2019
The Link Between Anxiety And Depression - 1352 Words
Research Topic: â€Å"Anxiety and depression are often linked, experts say, as dealing with long-term anxiety can lead to depression, or one may feel anxious about their battle with depression.†In order to talk about the â€Å"link†between Anxiety and Depression, there is a word that must be discussed: comorbidity. According one paper, â€Å"Comorbidity may imply either the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in an individual at a given time, or the manifestation of multiple disorders during the lifetime of the individual.†(Seligman and Ollendick, pg. 125) Two disorders may be comorbid when there is symptom overlap; â€Å"when one underlying construct is split into two separate disorders†; when disorders share risks, or â€Å"when one disorder causes or increases the risk of developing the second disorder.†(S and o, pg. 125) People with comorbid disorders are, â€Å"typically more severely impaired than children with either disorder alone.†(1) However, there has only been a limited amount of research done on individuals with comorbid disorders, as comorbidity often serves to exclude people from entry. This paper with specifically di scuss and expand upon the comorbidity between anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid disorders. In a study done about the relationship between anxiety and depression, researchers found a group of 106 children who struggled with DSM-III diagnosed anxiety disorder. Of those 106 children, 28% were found to have a comorbid depressive disorder.Show MoreRelatedThe Link Between Anxiety And Depression1717 Words  | 7 Pagesdisorders, anxiety and depression, obtain more in relation everyday. Although each can have different causes and characteristics they share many common ones. Strong links throughcertain illnesses and disorders like asthma and headaches are being configured through specific chemicals in the brain. Two examples being serotonin receptors and corticotropin releasing factor receptor1. Certain combinations of the two can lead to a change in energy leveles causing both anxiety and depression to occur atRead MoreLink Between Anxiety And Depression1940 Words  | 8 Pages The Link Between Anxiety and Depression Cheyanne James Caledonia Mumford High School â€Æ' Abstract The two different mental disorders, anxiety and depression, obtain more in relation everyday. Although each can have different causes and characteristics they share many common ones. Strong links throughcertain illnesses and disorders like asthma and headaches are being configured through specific chemicals in the brain. Two examples being serotonin receptors and corticotropin releasingRead MoreIntroduction Published in May 2011 the paper entitled â€Å"The relation of depression and anxiety in1300 Words  | 6 PagesIntroduction Published in May 2011 the paper entitled â€Å"The relation of depression and anxiety in academic achievement among group of university students†is a cross-sectional study that attempts to establish the connection between academic achievement, and depression. In this paper, it is my intention to critique the aforementioned paper and provide an overview on the following areas, methods and samples, subjects and outcome measures, results, critical evaluation and the contribution to medicalRead MoreAnxiety vs Depression837 Words  | 4 PagesAnxiety vs. Disorder What is the difference between Anxiety and Depression? Truth is depression is a symptom sometimes experienced by people with anxiety disorders, and anxiety is sometimes experienced by people with depression. The person experiencing the depression or anxiety often can tell which came first and which is more dominant. Although there is quite a difference between the two it can sometimes be difficult to determine. There are some common symptoms between those suffering from anxietyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1320 Words  | 6 Pagessleeplessness is still relevant in modern society. With the hustle and bustle of modern life depression and anxiety are commonly heard of, according to the Anxiety and Depression association of America, a relevant source and credible as it is an association, Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the United States, with 40 million adults affected, which is roughly 18% of the population, and worldwide depression is the most comm on mental illness with an estimated 350 million people affected accordingRead MoreThe Role Of Childhood Maltreatment And Symptoms Of Depression, Social Anxiety, And Generalized Anxiety809 Words  | 4 Pages1. Full APA style reference Asberg, Kia. Hostility/Anger as a Mediator Between College Students’ Emotion Regulation Abilities and Symptoms of Depression, Social Anxiety, and Generalized Anxiety. The Journal of Psychology 147.5: 469-90. Print. 2. What is the specific topic the article is addressing? (i.e. the role of childhood maltreatment in eating disorders? The effect of exercise on stress levels?) The authors of this study are interested in how decreased emotional regulation is relatedRead MoreEssay On Military Veterans1027 Words  | 5 Pagesfactors†, including symptoms of PTSD and depression (p.100). Their study population was comprised of 545 military veterans who completed a Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire indicating a link between higher PTSD related suicide and depression (p. 100). McKinney et al. (2017) found that â€Å"Depression, as well as other disorders, often serves as a mediator of the relation between PTSD and suicide risk†(p.101).  The implications of the study found that depression has been identified as a contributing factorRead MoreGeneralized Anxiety Disorder ( Gad )999 Words  | 4 PagesGeneralized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most diagnosed mental disorders today, and can often be closely linked to concurrent symptoms or disorders including physiological, behavioral, other anxiety disorders, depression and substance abuse. (Merino, Senra Ferreiro, 2016) (Cacioppo Fregberg, 2013, p. 688). GAD most notably produces symptoms of excessive worry and anxiety related to non-specific risks, which often leads to functional decline both socially and professionally (Roberge etRead MoreEssay Adolescent Internet Addiction 1631 Words  | 7 Pagestriggering factors. Help Guide (2008) outlines risk factors that can cause adolescents to become addicted to the internet. The first three factors are anxiety, depression and stress. The website states that adolescents may use the internet to distract themsel ves from the worries and fears that make them anxious and may also use the internet to escape from depression and stress which can further contribute to isolation and stress. The website also states that those who suffer from other addictions, lack ofRead MoreEffects Of Anxiety And Depression On Transgendered People874 Words  | 4 Pages I have chosen to discuss the effects of anxiety and depression on transgendered people. For this paper I am using Transgender to mean: â€Å" a term used to describe people whose gender identity differs from the sex the doctor marked on their birth certificate.†(Gladd.org) What inspired me to research this social issue is with modern media individuals such as Caitlyn Jenner and television shows such as Orange is the New Black; we are learning more about Transgender. Another inspiration came from
Sunday, December 15, 2019
A Separate Piece; Guilty or Not Free Essays
Bertrand Russell said, â€Å"Envy is one of the most potent causes of unhappiness. It is a universal and most unfortunate aspect of human nature because not only is the envious person rendered unhappy by his envy, but also wishes to inflict misfortune on others. †This is displayed perfectly in A Separate Piece by John Knowles, where green with envy, Gene jounces the limb in hopes to hurt Phineas. We will write a custom essay sample on A Separate Piece; Guilty or Not or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is jealous of Phineas’ charisma, upset that Phineas keeps putting him into situations he doesn’t want to be in, and Gene also knows he isn’t as good a person as Phineas. Not only is Phineas impulsive and daring, he is also very charismatic. Gene is jealous of Phineas’ charisma and ability to talk himself out of trouble. As Gene states in chapter two, â€Å"I was beginning to see that Phineas could get away with anything. I couldn’t help envying him that a little, which was perfectly normal. There was no harm in envying even your best friend a little,†(Gene, 19). â€Å"He had gotten away with everything. I felt a sudden stab of disappointment,†(Gene, 22). In both cases above, Gene himself states that he is envious of Phineas and is disappointed that Phineas didn’t get into trouble. Phineas’ charisma not only causes jealousy in Gene, but also puts him into possibly harmful situations. Phineas always shames Gene into doing something Gene doesn’t want to do. On top of that, Phineas, on occasion, puts Gene into harm’s way, with or without knowing it. â€Å"Yes, he had practically saved my life. He had also practically lost it for me. I wouldn’t have been on that damn limb except for him. I wouldn’t have turned around, and so lost my balance, if he hadn’t been there,†(Gene, 26). â€Å"Then in the everyday, mediocre tone he used when he was proposing something really outrageous, he added, â€Å"Let’s go to the beach. The beach was hours away by bicycle, forbidden, and completely out of bounds. Going there risked expulsion, destroyed the studying I was going to do for an important test the next morning, blasted the reasonable amount of order I wanted to maintain in my life, and it also involved the kind of lon g, labored, bicycle ride I hated,†(Gene, 38). These two examples show that Phineas can talk Gene into doing something he doesn’t want to do, as well as things that can later harm Gene, such as climbing the tree, or get him into trouble, such as going out of grounds. Phineas may or may not be trying to hurt Gene or get him into trouble, but none the less, it is always a possibility with the schemes Phineas comes up with. Even though Phineas is putting Gene into dangerous situations he is still a better person than Gene. Gene knows that Phineas is a better person than he is. â€Å"He was never going to accuse me. It was only a feeling he had, and at this moment he must have been formulating a new commandment in his personal Decalogue: Never accuse a friend of a crime if you only have a feeling he did it,†(Gene, 58). Gene, of course, being impulsive as he is, would accuse Phineas of something even if he only has a feeling. â€Å"He had never been jealous of me for a second. Now I knew that there never was and never could have been any rivalry between us. I was not of the same quality as he,†(Gene, 52). Gene who has stated before that he was jealous of Phineas realizes in the quote above that he isn’t as good a person as Phineas because Phineas was never jealous of Gene, nor did he ever want a rivalry between the two of them, as Gene thought he did. Of course, some people may think that Gene wouldn’t push Phineas out of the tree, as they are best friends. Well, let me ask this, would someone accuse their best friend of trying to destroy something they were better at? â€Å"Finny had deliberately set out to wreck my studies. That explained blitzball, that explained the night meetings of the Super Suicide Society, that explained his insistence that I share all his diversions,†(Gene, 46). Gene does just this in the above quote. Without any real evidence of such, Gene believes that Phineas is trying to destroy his studies, the one thing he is better than Phineas at. One would not go around accusing their best friend of trying to destroy something they were better at. Now, Phineas may believe they are best friends, â€Å"I hope you’re having a pretty good time here. I know I kind of dragged you away at the point of a gun, but after all you can’t come to the shore with just anybody and you can’t come by yourself, and at this teen-age period in life the proper person is your best pal, which is what you are,†(Phineas, 40-41). Yet, Gene says nothing. In fact, he admits he may have been stopped by his subconscious telling him Phineas isn’t his best friend, though he is Phineas’. â€Å"I should have told him then that he was my best friend also and rounded off what he had said. I started to I nearly did. But something held me back. Perhaps I was stopped by that level of feeling, deeper than thought, which contains the truth,†(Gene, 41). I’ll give everyone the fact that one would probably never cause harm to their best friend on purpose, but with the evidence I have brought up, does it seem like Phineas is Gene’s best friend? Not really. Gene himself states that he is envious of Phineas and is disappointed when Phineas gets away with everything. Along with that, Phineas put Gene in danger of falling out of the very tree Phineas does, for Gene wouldn’t have been up there if it wasn’t for Phineas. Phineas also puts him at risk of being expelled by insisting they go to the beach. Gene, who accuses Phineas of trying to destroy his studies due to jealousy without any real proof, realizes Phineas would never accuse Gene of something based on a feeling, and besides, Gene admits that he realizes Phineas is not jealous of him. Gene also realizes that though he may have thought there to be some rivalry between them, there isn’t for he was not of the same quality of Phineas. With these reasons, it is clearly evident that Gene pushed Phineas out of the tree because of jealousy. How to cite A Separate Piece; Guilty or Not, Essay examples
Saturday, December 7, 2019
There Is Nothing That Young People free essay sample
TOEFL ® essay: There is nothing that young people can teach older people Needless to say, we have to respect and obey older people, partly because they have more experience and knowledge than us, so what they say is almost true. However, that doesnt mean they know everything and young people have nothing to teach them. In the following part of the essay, I will support the idea that there are some things we know but they havent known and they can learn from us. Young people can teach the elderly anything they may learn through means of mass communication.The statement which is there is nothing that young people can teach older people might be true at a certain period of time. Long time ago, when science and technology didnt develop yet, young people learned only through books which were already read by most older people and through the olders experience. So it is obvious that the younger have nothing to teach the elderly. Thats why the statement was arised. Nowadays, however, things have changed. With the development of technology, young people can learn from many means of communication such as television, radio and so on.Even a child can know that Swedens capital is Stockholm which many adults do not know. So there is no reason why the sentence is still correct today. In addition, children have more time to study than adults, so they can gain more new information than adults. Because the adults have to go to work, they have little time studying new things, especially new technologies and searching for new information. A child, in contrast, they can spend his or her whole time studying. He or she can read science books, watch discovery channel on TV in many hours without any concern about their work.Briefly, adults do not have as much time as children to learn new things. This is one of the advantages of children in learning. For instance, that day, I told my mother about the riot in Iraq I saw on TV that morning which she didnt know while being occupied with her work. Moreover, young people are stronger than the elderly, so they can learn better. Young people have sharp brains, they are creative, they can learn and do things with all their enthusiam. On the contrary, the elderly are old and weak, there are some things they have to follow the younger. Unfortunately, in Vietnam, youths are still looked down in some companies and offices.Some managers or leaders, the older ones, want to appoint who have worked for them quite long to important positions. They think younger staffs can do nothing regardless of how talent these staffs are. At present, young people are performing very well and achieve many successes, especially in computer such as new computer programs. Finally, children have the special abilty to learn foreign language and they can help older people. For example, my sister used to teach my grandparent english. I sometimes have to ask her about english and she help me a lot in listening.In conclusion, with the development of technology, knowledge is open to everyone, and older people also have to learn from the younger. Also, because younger people have more time and strength, they can gain more information than the older ones. Besides, children, especially from 4-12, can help older people in learning foreign language. The statement there is nothing that young people can teach older people isnt still true nowadays. However, as I mentioned, that statement might be true at a certain period of time, maybe one day in the future that statement is correct again. At the outset, most of us may think that there is nothing much old people can learn from youngsters. However, an in depth{in-depth} analysis on[of] childrens behavior and a keen observation on their daily habits reveal some startling truths, which are of immense help to elders in their daily lives. While most of us put down the cradle{I dont understand what put down the cradle means} when we face failures, children will never give up. They keep on trying until they succeed in their endeavors. Moreover, young children have an exceptional capability to understand new technologies. I think the intro would work better if you had a traditional thesis statement for the last sentence of the intro} Many times our negative attitude or passive thinking becomes a major hurdle on our way to success. Most of us bog[bow] down our head when we face a failure. For instance, yesterday, I spent almost nine hours in the office to identify and fix a bug in my [computer] program. Even after spending long hours and going through the complete program code, I couldn’t find where the problem was. Finally, I went back home dejected and depressed.To relax myself, I started playing with [my] 15 months old son. While playing with him, he tried to stand on his own. Initially he fall down as many times as{I think every time sounds better} he tried. Surprisingly, instead of giving up he kept on trying. Finally, after twenty attempts he stood on his own and started laughing. While my son tried till he succeeded in his endeavor, I gave up in the middle. If not because of his never say die attitude, my son wouldnt be standing on his own today. Because I gave up after sometime[too soon] I couldnt achieve my goal of fixing the bug.Although most of us know the importance of this quality{I think lesson sounds better than quality}, many times we fail to implement it in our real life. Quite often, children’s behavior reminds us the importance of these qualities. We are living in a technological era where change is the only constant factor. In this ever-changing world, we are confronted with a plethora of information and new technologies every day. While young people have the capability to learn and understand new technologies much faster, [the] same cant be[is not often cant implies no older people can understand new technology] true for old people.It may not be easy for old people to understand how to use new electronic gadgets, computers etc. For example, I taught my grandfather how to use a computer. Today, he not only plays games on his computer but also chat{s} with people from different countries through [instant] messenger. Generally parents guide their children on{I dont think you can guide on maybe guide towards or use a different verb} different qualities one should have to become successful. We are good at teaching but not in implementing our teachings in real life. A common English idiom which would apply here is Do as I say, not as I do}We forget to implement those characteristics in our real lives. Children remind us the importance and value of these virtues . Their ability to easily grasp the nuances of new technologies enables children to explain various technological advances to elders. I have to totally disagree with the statement that there is nothing that young people can teach older people. For several reasons, which I will mention bellow, I think that young people can teach older people many things. First of all, young people intend to learn new things faster.They faster learn new technologies. Second of all, young people are more motivated. They aspire to succeed and make a good career, which requires good knowledge and experience. So, they try to get more knowledge and experience from different sources like Internet, books, newspaper, magazines and of cause from conversations with other people. In addition to this young people bring many fresh ideas to the team they are working in. For example, when my friend was hired as a software developer he surprised everybody with his energy, a bunch of new and fresh ideas about what could be done to improve the process.He was the youngest person in the team but everybody listened to him and it was like a fresh air, an impulse, which made everyone work harder. Finally, young people often know more about new technologies. For example, my husband is 26 years old and he is a good professional in software development. So, he is often asked to read a lecture for different companies and audience. Needless to say, the majority of people who attend those lectures are older than my husband. To sum up, I think that young people have many things to teach older people. Moreover, I think that people from every generation have something to learn from each other.People learn trough their entire lives from books that hold the experience and the history of previous generations as well as from their own experience and experience of the younger people. Human society is dynamic. It changes and adapts daily. Something new comes up every minute of the day. Such as new songs, new movies, new style of clothes, new gadgets, new destinations, new cars, new television programs, new websites, new softwares, new hand held phones, new buildings, and so on. Even if you age in years, there is no limit in learning something new. Likewise, there are things that older people can learn from the younger generation.The Internet is one good example. This was introduced in the 1980s, mostly used in the business sector. Gradually, it was offered to the public through Internet cafes. Nowadays, it is widely used for enhanced communications. We now have electronic mails (e-mail), messengers, VOIP, and web cams. The older generation is not familiar with these gadgets. They learn how to use them from the younger generation. Through web cams, Internet phones, cell phones, and Net Messengers, family members are able to talk to one another in real time despite long distances. The youth can also bridge the age gap with the elders through songs and dances. Music is a universal language and appreciated by all people around the world despite cultural differences. Songs of love will always have an audience, young and old alike. Another interesting activity is travelling. Since most of the young people are active, mobile, and sociable, they are also well informed of the latest destinations and recreation centers. On family day, usually Sunday, the elderly persons are taken to these popular places. Along with their children and grandchildren, the elders enjoy the sights, sounds, and new product offerings especially if they are given away for free.Therefore, everyday is always a new day to learn. The older generation can teach wisdom while the younger members can teach them trendy living. Through the youths, the older people can maintain contact with them and still be relevant in the society. The younger generation will keep the older generation in touch with the community. It is true and natural that people should gain experience and knowledge as they grow older. There is no ground for thinking that older people cannot learn anything from young people. I believe that older people have much to learn from the younger generation.Young people can instruct them in the subject have much to learn from the younger generation. Young people can instruct them in the subject of new technology and the skills needed to use it, and they can also teach the aspects of youth culture. First of all, younger people can teach new skills associated with modern technology to older people. As everyone knows, there are new technological advancements made nearly every day, Even for people who are familiar with modern technology, it is sometimes hard to keep up, so it must be difficult for older people who see these things as beyond their grasp.For example, younger people are normally knowledgeable in the use of computers and the internet, but many people have trouble learning the applications required to use this technology. There are many other gadgets that older people may have trouble learning to use such as digital cameras, mp3 players and game systems. However, younger people can instruct the older generation in these applications if given the chance. In addition, the younger generation can instruct older people in as pects of current youth culture. We often hear about the problems associated with generation gaps.These problems are caused mainly by a lack of communication as well as hesitation to communicate at all. However, the problems of generation gaps could be alleviated if both younger people and older people tried to learn about forms of entertainment that younger people enjoy such as music and computer games, younger people can teach youth culture to older people; as a result, the generations are able to enjoy them together. By taking part in the cultural entertainment together, a mutual understanding can be fostered, which will benefit one another.In conclusion, thought it is often assumed that older people have little to learn from younger people, this opinion cannot be any more false. Younger people can really help older people a lot on the area of new skills associated with modern technology and in being educated in the culture of modern youth, which promotes mutual enjoyment and understanding. All that is needed is for the generations involved to give each other a chance. They may be surprised at the pleasant results.Generally, many people think that older people can learn nothing from young people. However , that is not always case. I hold the opinion that young people can help older people for many subjects such as (subjects) about new innovations, youth culture and new social trends. To begin with, it is a fact that young people are better to use technology. Now, they have enough information about computer because children grow with computer. Thus,they can teach older people how to use computer and older people can use it to print their work or to sent (send) email. Besides this, altough ,today, mobile phone is an important communication tool, many older people have difficulties to use (in using it) . Young people can help them about using mobile phone. Secondly, generally, older people do not (are not) familiar young culture. If young people help older people to learn their social activities, older people can have more enjoyable life. For instance, I helped (my ) grandfather how to use computer games and he enjoyed (it )very much. Lastly, young people generally aware of new trends such as fashion , cinema or music.Children can help older people about clothing that everyone gets dressed or choosing cinema that everyone enjoys it. By this way, older people keep up with new trends. So based on all mentioned points, young people can teach (older people ) many things that older people want to know, such as about new innovations, new trends and youth culture. The older generation today always complains that the youth are unmotivated and directionless, they lack focus and the future is going down because of these behaviors.Nonetheless, youth are the product of its upbringing and the representation of its time. Thus, what they are and what they know will certainly be different from those of the older generation. Therefore, to say that the youngsters are useless is not only wrong as they can also contribute in their own way and teach the older generation a lesson or two. As we all know, todays technology moves very fast. With adults daily responsibility, it is almost impossible for them to keep up with every little new gadget that comes out everyday. With young people, its different, new things interest us.Furthermore, being young we absorb new knowledge like a sponge. Thus, we can help them in getting in tune with new technologies. Young kids, for example, can probably teach their grandparents to use the computers, which in turn, will also be good for their relationships. In addition to that, by looking at the young, adults can learn about the society better. As Ive mentioned earlier, youngsters represent their time, hence, by understanding them, one can understand the needs of the society, as this group of age is the most outspoken. A good example would be the hippie movement in the 60s. The movement displayed their dissatisfaction with the system and the need for more freedom of expression. As someone once said, Life is a learning experience, thus, from that, we can deduce that there is no full stop to the process of learning. Therefore, instead of being critical and cynical, maybe older people can try to understand the youth better by learning from each other. After all, young people are the future.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)